Data were drawn from consenting wait-list and primary-care samples, which potentially over-represented mild-to-moderate cases of depression. Considering reported rates of spontaneous remission, a short untreated period seems defensible for this subpopulation, where judged appropriate by the clinician. Conclusions may not apply to individuals with more severe depression.”
“To assess the time interval required to reach a new steady state of oxygenation-, ventilation-,

Bcl-2 inhibitor respiratory mechanics- and hemodynamics-related variables after decreasing/increasing positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP).\n\nIn 23 patients (group 1) with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), PEEP was decreased from 10 to 5 cmH(2)O and, after 60′, it was increased check details from 5 to 15 cmH(2)O. In 21 other ARDS patients (group 2), PEEP was increased from 10 to 15 cmH(2)O and, after 60′, decreased from 15 to 5 cmH(2)O. Oxygenation, ventilation, respiratory mechanics and hemodynamic variables were recorded at time 5′, 15′, 30′ and 60′ after each PEEP change.\n\nWhen PEEP was decreased, PaO2, PaO2/FiO(2), venous admixture and arterial oxygen saturation reached their equilibrium after 5′. In contrast, when PEEP was increased, the equilibrium was not reached even after 60′. The ventilation-related variables did not change significantly with PEEP. The respiratory system

compliance, when PEEP was decreased, significantly worsened only after 60′. Hemodynamics did not change significantly with PEEP. In the individual patients the change of oxygenation-related variables and of respiratory system compliance observed after 5′ could predict the changes recorded after 60′. This was not possible for PaCO2.\n\nWe could not find a unique equilibration SYN-117 time for all the considered variables. However, in general, a decremental PEEP test requires far lower equilibrium time than an incremental PEEP test, suggesting

a different time course for derecruitment and recruitment patterns.”
“OBJECTIVE: To determine the optimal first-line tocolytic agent for treatment of premature labor.\n\nMETHODS: We performed a quantitative analysis of randomized controlled trials of tocolysis, extracting data on maternal and neonatal outcomes, and pooling rates for each outcome across trials by treatment. Outcomes were delay of delivery for 48 hours, 7 days, and until 37 weeks; adverse effects causing discontinuation of therapy; absence of respiratory distress syndrome; and neonatal survival. We used weighted proportions from a random-effects meta-analysis in a decision model to determine the optimal first-line tocolytic therapy. Sensitivity analysis was performed using the standard errors of the weighted proportions.\n\nRESULTS: Fifty-eight studies satisfied the inclusion criteria.